Amanita gemmata - Мухомор ярко-жёлтый - Gemmed Amanita

Amanita gemmata - Мухомор ярко-жёлтый - Gemmed Amanita - Gelber Knollenblätterpilz 7/23/16—9/14/23

Amanita gemmata, commonly known as the Gemmed Amanita, is a basidiomycete fungus belonging to the Amanita genus. It is characterized by a bright yellow to orange-yellow cap with white warts, which can reach up to 8 cm in diameter. The white to yellowish stem, which may grow up to 12 cm tall, features a distinct ring and a bulbous base with a membranous, sack-like volva. Advanced scientific research has shown that Amanita gemmata contains low levels of toxins such as α-amanitin and muscarine, which can cause mild toxic effects when ingested in large quantities. However, it is generally considered to be less toxic than other Amanita species, such as Amanita phalloides. The Gemmed Amanita is widely distributed across Europe, including parts of Russia, where it is known as Мухомор ярко-жёлтый. It forms ectomycorrhizal relationships with various tree species, particularly deciduous trees like oaks, beeches, and birches, and is typically encountered during late summer and autumn. Amanita gemmata produces white, elliptical spores that measure approximately 9-12 µm by 6-8 µm. The spore print is also white, making it a key characteristic for identification. An estimated 1-2 million spores are produced per fruiting body, which are dispersed by wind and rain. Although Amanita gemmata is not as toxic as some other Amanita species, it is still important to exercise caution when foraging, as the Gemmed Amanita can be easily confused with other toxic Amanita species. Ingestion of Amanita gemmata may lead to mild gastrointestinal symptoms and, in rare cases, neurological effects such as confusion and drowsiness. In German, this fungus is known as Gelber Knollenblätterpilz, a name that reflects its bright yellow color and its close relationship with the Amanita genus.